Unit 3 – Construction machinery

Grammar – Present simple x continuous

"V této lekci nás nečeká "nová gramatika", ale budeme rozlišovat použití přítomného prostého a průběhového času z 1. a 2. lekce."

Statement sentences:

Look at this picture and make correct sentences (Simple Present or Present Progressive).

Negative sentences:

Complete the sentences. Use Simple Present or Present Progressive.

Vocabulary

soil, dirt
hlína, půda

excavation
vykopání, vyhloubení

ability
schopnost

dredging
vybagrování (dna pod vodou)

smaller scale
menší měřítko

wrecking ball
demoliční koule

haul
přepravovat, dopravovat (obzvláště těžký náklad)

backhoe
rypadlo

boring
vrtání

trencher
rýhovač

waste management
odklízení odpadu, nakládání
s odpadem

according to
podle

Exercise

1. Connect words with their definitions:

2. Reading text:

Construction machinery is all machinery used for activities in construction, ranging from soil excavation to the transportation, loading, and unloading of materials and waste management.

How are construction machines classified?

Construction machinery can be classified according to its ability:

1. Heavy machinery: vehicles of large proportions and weight. The operator using it must have special accreditation for the specific use of this type of machine. It is intended for large earthworks  (open spaces or tunnels); it is also commonly used for deep excavations and setting foundations, dredging, or drilling.
2. Semi-heavy machinery: these vehicles are of medium proportions compared to the previous category. Some machines match heavy machinery in name and function but are simply adapted to a smaller scale.
3. Light machinery: this category includes construction equipment of small dimensions with very specific functions.

Construction machinery can also be classified according to its use:

• Demolition: such as a wrecking ball or jackhammer.
• Hauling materials: these are mostly trucks designed for heavy loads, with the capacity to carry tons of materials. Dump trucks, bins, and concrete mixers are just a few examples.
• Excavation: used to make ditches, land extensions, canals, tunnels etc. Excavators, skid steer loaders, backhoes, tunnel boring machines, trenchers, and draglines are some examples.
• Ground preparation: steamrollers or motor graders, for instance.
• Moving materials: such as tower cranes or truck cranes.

2.1 Answer some questions:

• What does an operator of heavy machinery need for using it?
• Can an excavator be used for making ditches? 
• What is the difference between heavy machinery and semi-heavy machinery?

Solution

2.2 Translate some sentences:

• Tyto materiály jsou většinou převáženy těžkou technikou. 
• Parní válec právě připravuje pozemek na stavbu. 

Solution

3. Video

Ve videu uslyšíte:

3.1 Answer some questions:

• Which heavy equipment is used to level the ground for road building? 
• What is the name of a heavy equipment machine which assists with putting items onto trucks and dumpers? 
• Which heavy equipment machine is most commonly used in the early stages of construction and is often known as a digger? 
• What is another name for rollers? 
• Which heavy equipment machine is sometimes reversed to work in power shovel configuration? 
• Which heavy equipment machine is used to carry large amounts of materials from one site to another? 
• Which heavy equipment machine is often used in construction of higher structers and skyscrapers? 
• Please, name two types of dozers:

Solution