Unit 3 – Construction machinery
Grammar – Present simple x continuous
"V této lekci nás nečeká "nová gramatika", ale budeme rozlišovat použití přítomného prostého a průběhového času z 1. a 2. lekce."
Statement sentences:
Look at this picture and make correct sentences (Simple Present or Present Progressive).
![](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/unit-3-grammar.jpg)
UNIT 3 – Statement sentences:
1. Look! This construction worker .......... (carry) a blueprint and a hard hat.
2. Normally, it .......... (dig) and .......... (move) materials.
3. And look, he .......... (wear) a bright vest.
4. The blueprint .......... (not be) very heavy.
5. He .......... (look) at a digger, which .......... (not work).
6. The digger has got a big cabin, but nobody .......... (sit) there now.
Vyhodnocení
0
chyb
chyb
Vaše odpovědi
1. Look! This construction worker .......... (carry) a blueprint and a hard hat.
carry
are carrying
carries
is carrying
2. Normally, it .......... (dig) and .......... (move) materials.
are digging / are moving
is digging / is moving
dig / move
digs / moves
3. And look, he .......... (wear) a bright vest.
is wearing
are wearing
wear
wears
4. The blueprint .......... (not be) very heavy.
are not
is not being
is not
are not being
5. He .......... (look) at a digger, which .......... (not work).
is looking / is not working
is looking / does not work
look / does not work
look / is not working
6. The digger has got a big cabin, but nobody .......... (sit) there now.
sits
sit
is sitting
is siting
Negative sentences:
Complete the sentences. Use Simple Present or Present Progressive.
UNIT 3 – Negative sentences:
1. Compactors .......... (carry / not) large amounts of gravel, sand, dirt from one site to another.
2. A bulldozer .......... (push/ not) enormous amount of dirt and debris right now.
3. Tower cranes .......... (make / not) large holes and tunnels.
4. A backhoe .......... (raise / not) any material at the moment.
5. A bricklayer .......... (use / not) a jackhammer in his job every day.
Vyhodnocení
0
chyb
chyb
Vaše odpovědi
1. Compactors .......... (carry / not) large amounts of gravel, sand, dirt from one site to another.
don´t carry
are not carried
does not carry
is not carried
2. A bulldozer .......... (push/ not) enormous amount of dirt and debris right now.
don´t pushes
does not push
are not pushing
is not pushing
3. Tower cranes .......... (make / not) large holes and tunnels.
is not make
does not make
are not makes
don´t make
4. A backhoe .......... (raise / not) any material at the moment.
are not raising
is not raising
does not raise
don´t raises
5. A bricklayer .......... (use / not) a jackhammer in his job every day.
are not using
is not using
don´t uses
does not use
Vocabulary
![soil, dirt soil, dirt](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/soil-dirt.png)
soil, dirt
hlína, půda
hlína, půda
![excavation excavation](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/excavation.png)
excavation
vykopání, vyhloubení
vykopání, vyhloubení
![ability ability](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/ability.png)
ability
schopnost
schopnost
![dredging dredging](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/dredging.png)
dredging
vybagrování (dna pod vodou)
vybagrování (dna pod vodou)
![smaller scale smaller scale](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/smaller-scale.png)
smaller scale
menší měřítko
menší měřítko
![wrecking ball wrecking ball](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/wrecking-ball.png)
wrecking ball
demoliční koule
demoliční koule
![haul haul](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/haul.png)
haul
přepravovat, dopravovat (obzvláště těžký náklad)
přepravovat, dopravovat (obzvláště těžký náklad)
![backhoe backhoe](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/backhoe.png)
backhoe
rypadlo
rypadlo
![boring boring](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/boring.png)
boring
vrtání
vrtání
![trencher trencher](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/trencher.png)
trencher
rýhovač
rýhovač
![waste management waste management](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/unit-3/waste-management.png)
waste management
odklízení odpadu, nakládání
s odpadem
odklízení odpadu, nakládání
s odpadem
![](/data/web/stawebnice-aj/imagine-without.png)
according to
podle
podle
Exercise
1. Connect words with their definitions:
UNIT 3 – Connect words with their definitions:
1. based on what is said or stated by; on the authority of:
2. clear the bed of (a harbour, river, or other area of water) by scooping out mud, weeds, and rubbish:
3. process of making or enlarging a hole:
4. the loose surface material that covers most land:
5. sth of limited size or extent:
6. The total supervision of waste production, handling, processing, storage, and transport from its point of generation to its final acceptable disposal.
7. heavy metal ball swung from a crane into a building to demolish it:
8. skill to do something:
9. loader excavator:
10. to pull something heavy slowly and with difficulty:
11. the process of moving earth, rock, or other materials with tools, equipment, or explosives:
12. machines which have a metal chain with teeth made of high-strength steel. This allows the machine to tear into the ground:
Vyhodnocení
0
chyb
chyb
Vaše odpovědi
1. based on what is said or stated by; on the authority of:
status
according to
basement
2. clear the bed of (a harbour, river, or other area of water) by scooping out mud, weeds, and rubbish:
weeding
mudding
dredging
3. process of making or enlarging a hole:
filing
boring
holing
4. the loose surface material that covers most land:
soil
carpet
spikes
5. sth of limited size or extent:
smaller scale
gigantic
huge
6. The total supervision of waste production, handling, processing, storage, and transport from its point of generation to its final acceptable disposal.
waste checking
waste management
waste directing
7. heavy metal ball swung from a crane into a building to demolish it:
wrecking ball
wrecking cube
wreckling marble
8. skill to do something:
ability
laziness
intelligence
9. loader excavator:
backshovel
backspade
backhoe
10. to pull something heavy slowly and with difficulty:
haul
push
howl
11. the process of moving earth, rock, or other materials with tools, equipment, or explosives:
drawing
excavation
elicitation
12. machines which have a metal chain with teeth made of high-strength steel. This allows the machine to tear into the ground:
trenchers
toasters
tearers
2. Reading text:
Construction machinery is all machinery used for activities in construction, ranging from soil excavation to the transportation, loading, and unloading of materials and waste management.
How are construction machines classified?
Construction machinery can be classified according to its ability:
- Heavy machinery: vehicles of large proportions and weight. The operator using it must have special accreditation for the specific use of this type of machine. It is intended for large earthworks (open spaces or tunnels); it is also commonly used for deep excavations and setting foundations, dredging, or drilling.
- Semi-heavy machinery: these vehicles are of medium proportions compared to the previous category. Some machines match heavy machinery in name and function but are simply adapted to a smaller scale.
- Light machinery: this category includes construction equipment of small dimensions with very specific functions.
Construction machinery can also be classified according to its use:
- Demolition: such as a wrecking ball or jackhammer.
- Hauling materials: these are mostly trucks designed for heavy loads, with the capacity to carry tons of materials. Dump trucks, bins, and concrete mixers are just a few examples.
- Excavation: used to make ditches, land extensions, canals, tunnels etc. Excavators, skid steer loaders, backhoes, tunnel boring machines, trenchers, and draglines are some examples.
- Ground preparation: steamrollers or motor graders, for instance.
- Moving materials: such as tower cranes or truck cranes.
2.1 Answer some questions:
- What does an operator of heavy machinery need for using it?
- Can an excavator be used for making ditches?
- What is the difference between heavy machinery and semi-heavy machinery?
2.2 Translate some sentences:
- Tyto materiály jsou většinou převáženy těžkou technikou.
- Parní válec právě připravuje pozemek na stavbu.
3. Video
Ve videu uslyšíte:
reverse
obrátit, zvrátit, dát naopak
obrátit, zvrátit, dát naopak
shallow
mělký
mělký
skyscraper
mrakodrap
mrakodrap
level
vyrovnat, srovnat, dát na stejnou úroveň
vyrovnat, srovnat, dát na stejnou úroveň
elevation
zvýšení, vyvýšení
zvýšení, vyvýšení
![](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/WYyMMGYx2nQ/sddefault.jpg)
3.1 Answer some questions:
- Which heavy equipment is used to level the ground for road building?
- What is the name of a heavy equipment machine which assists with putting items onto trucks and dumpers?
- Which heavy equipment machine is most commonly used in the early stages of construction and is often known as a digger?
- What is another name for rollers?
- Which heavy equipment machine is sometimes reversed to work in power shovel configuration?
- Which heavy equipment machine is used to carry large amounts of materials from one site to another?
- Which heavy equipment machine is often used in construction of higher structers and skyscrapers?
- Please, name two types of dozers: