Unit 3 – Construction machinery
Grammar – Present simple x continuous
"V této lekci nás nečeká "nová gramatika", ale budeme rozlišovat použití přítomného prostého a průběhového času z 1. a 2. lekce."
Statement sentences:
Look at this picture and make correct sentences (Simple Present or Present Progressive).

UNIT 3 – Statement sentences:
1. The digger has got a big cabin, but nobody .......... (sit) there now.
2. The blueprint .......... (not be) very heavy.
3. Look! This construction worker .......... (carry) a blueprint and a hard hat.
4. And look, he .......... (wear) a bright vest.
5. He .......... (look) at a digger, which .......... (not work).
6. Normally, it .......... (dig) and .......... (move) materials.
Vyhodnocení
0
chyb
chyb
Vaše odpovědi
1. The digger has got a big cabin, but nobody .......... (sit) there now.
is siting
is sitting
sits
sit
2. The blueprint .......... (not be) very heavy.
is not
are not being
is not being
are not
3. Look! This construction worker .......... (carry) a blueprint and a hard hat.
is carrying
carry
carries
are carrying
4. And look, he .......... (wear) a bright vest.
is wearing
wear
are wearing
wears
5. He .......... (look) at a digger, which .......... (not work).
look / is not working
is looking / is not working
is looking / does not work
look / does not work
6. Normally, it .......... (dig) and .......... (move) materials.
dig / move
digs / moves
is digging / is moving
are digging / are moving
Negative sentences:
Complete the sentences. Use Simple Present or Present Progressive.
UNIT 3 – Negative sentences:
1. Tower cranes .......... (make / not) large holes and tunnels.
2. A backhoe .......... (raise / not) any material at the moment.
3. Compactors .......... (carry / not) large amounts of gravel, sand, dirt from one site to another.
4. A bulldozer .......... (push/ not) enormous amount of dirt and debris right now.
5. A bricklayer .......... (use / not) a jackhammer in his job every day.
Vyhodnocení
0
chyb
chyb
Vaše odpovědi
1. Tower cranes .......... (make / not) large holes and tunnels.
is not make
don´t make
are not makes
does not make
2. A backhoe .......... (raise / not) any material at the moment.
are not raising
does not raise
don´t raises
is not raising
3. Compactors .......... (carry / not) large amounts of gravel, sand, dirt from one site to another.
does not carry
is not carried
are not carried
don´t carry
4. A bulldozer .......... (push/ not) enormous amount of dirt and debris right now.
are not pushing
don´t pushes
does not push
is not pushing
5. A bricklayer .......... (use / not) a jackhammer in his job every day.
are not using
is not using
don´t uses
does not use
Vocabulary

soil, dirt
hlína, půda
hlína, půda

excavation
vykopání, vyhloubení
vykopání, vyhloubení

ability
schopnost
schopnost

dredging
vybagrování (dna pod vodou)
vybagrování (dna pod vodou)

smaller scale
menší měřítko
menší měřítko

wrecking ball
demoliční koule
demoliční koule

haul
přepravovat, dopravovat (obzvláště těžký náklad)
přepravovat, dopravovat (obzvláště těžký náklad)

backhoe
rypadlo
rypadlo

boring
vrtání
vrtání

trencher
rýhovač
rýhovač

waste management
odklízení odpadu, nakládání
s odpadem
odklízení odpadu, nakládání
s odpadem

according to
podle
podle
Exercise
1. Connect words with their definitions:
UNIT 3 – Connect words with their definitions:
1. to pull something heavy slowly and with difficulty:
2. process of making or enlarging a hole:
3. the process of moving earth, rock, or other materials with tools, equipment, or explosives:
4. loader excavator:
5. clear the bed of (a harbour, river, or other area of water) by scooping out mud, weeds, and rubbish:
6. based on what is said or stated by; on the authority of:
7. sth of limited size or extent:
8. the loose surface material that covers most land:
9. The total supervision of waste production, handling, processing, storage, and transport from its point of generation to its final acceptable disposal.
10. skill to do something:
11. heavy metal ball swung from a crane into a building to demolish it:
12. machines which have a metal chain with teeth made of high-strength steel. This allows the machine to tear into the ground:
Vyhodnocení
0
chyb
chyb
Vaše odpovědi
1. to pull something heavy slowly and with difficulty:
push
howl
haul
2. process of making or enlarging a hole:
boring
holing
filing
3. the process of moving earth, rock, or other materials with tools, equipment, or explosives:
elicitation
drawing
excavation
4. loader excavator:
backshovel
backspade
backhoe
5. clear the bed of (a harbour, river, or other area of water) by scooping out mud, weeds, and rubbish:
mudding
dredging
weeding
6. based on what is said or stated by; on the authority of:
status
basement
according to
7. sth of limited size or extent:
smaller scale
gigantic
huge
8. the loose surface material that covers most land:
soil
spikes
carpet
9. The total supervision of waste production, handling, processing, storage, and transport from its point of generation to its final acceptable disposal.
waste management
waste checking
waste directing
10. skill to do something:
intelligence
ability
laziness
11. heavy metal ball swung from a crane into a building to demolish it:
wrecking ball
wreckling marble
wrecking cube
12. machines which have a metal chain with teeth made of high-strength steel. This allows the machine to tear into the ground:
tearers
toasters
trenchers
2. Reading text:
Construction machinery is all machinery used for activities in construction, ranging from soil excavation to the transportation, loading, and unloading of materials and waste management.
How are construction machines classified?
Construction machinery can be classified according to its ability:
- Heavy machinery: vehicles of large proportions and weight. The operator using it must have special accreditation for the specific use of this type of machine. It is intended for large earthworks (open spaces or tunnels); it is also commonly used for deep excavations and setting foundations, dredging, or drilling.
- Semi-heavy machinery: these vehicles are of medium proportions compared to the previous category. Some machines match heavy machinery in name and function but are simply adapted to a smaller scale.
- Light machinery: this category includes construction equipment of small dimensions with very specific functions.
Construction machinery can also be classified according to its use:
- Demolition: such as a wrecking ball or jackhammer.
- Hauling materials: these are mostly trucks designed for heavy loads, with the capacity to carry tons of materials. Dump trucks, bins, and concrete mixers are just a few examples.
- Excavation: used to make ditches, land extensions, canals, tunnels etc. Excavators, skid steer loaders, backhoes, tunnel boring machines, trenchers, and draglines are some examples.
- Ground preparation: steamrollers or motor graders, for instance.
- Moving materials: such as tower cranes or truck cranes.
2.1 Answer some questions:
- What does an operator of heavy machinery need for using it?
- Can an excavator be used for making ditches?
- What is the difference between heavy machinery and semi-heavy machinery?
2.2 Translate some sentences:
- Tyto materiály jsou většinou převáženy těžkou technikou.
- Parní válec právě připravuje pozemek na stavbu.
3. Video
Ve videu uslyšíte:
reverse
obrátit, zvrátit, dát naopak
obrátit, zvrátit, dát naopak
shallow
mělký
mělký
skyscraper
mrakodrap
mrakodrap
level
vyrovnat, srovnat, dát na stejnou úroveň
vyrovnat, srovnat, dát na stejnou úroveň
elevation
zvýšení, vyvýšení
zvýšení, vyvýšení

3.1 Answer some questions:
- Which heavy equipment is used to level the ground for road building?
- What is the name of a heavy equipment machine which assists with putting items onto trucks and dumpers?
- Which heavy equipment machine is most commonly used in the early stages of construction and is often known as a digger?
- What is another name for rollers?
- Which heavy equipment machine is sometimes reversed to work in power shovel configuration?
- Which heavy equipment machine is used to carry large amounts of materials from one site to another?
- Which heavy equipment machine is often used in construction of higher structers and skyscrapers?
- Please, name two types of dozers: